ƒ« ¢  2 ‚›‚Ž„›. —’Ž €‘‘Š€‡€‹ˆ ‘Š€„ˆ€‚‘Šˆ… ƒ…Žƒ€”ˆ—…‘Šˆ… ’€Š’€’› ˆ Š€’› Ž „…‚…‰ “‘ˆ ‘।­¥¢¥ª®¢ë¥ ᪠­¤¨­ ¢áª¨¥ ª à⮣à äë ¨­®£¤  á ¬¨ ®â®¦¤¥á⢫ïîâ ­¥ª®â®àë¥ £¥®£à ä¨ç¥áª¨¥ ­ §¢ ­¨ï, ¯àאַ £®¢®àï, ­ ¯à¨¬¥à, çâ® <<’à ª¨ï ÄÄ íâ® â® ¦¥, çâ® ¨ ƒà¨ª« ­¤>> [5e69], á. 96. ‡ â¥¬ ­¥ª®â®àë¥ <<᪫¥©ª¨>> ¡ë«¨ ®¡­ à㦥­ë ᮢ६¥­­ë¬¨ ¨áâ®à¨ª ¬¨.  ª®­¥æ, ­¥ª®â®àë¥ ¤®¡ ¢¨«¨ ¬ë. ‚ १ã«ìâ â¥ ¬ë ᮡࠫ¨ ¢á¥ ¯®«ã稢訥áï ®â®¦¤¥á⢫¥­¨ï ¢ ¯à¨¢¥¤¥­­®© ¢ëè¥ â ¡«¨æ¥ ¨ ¢ — á⨠3. ˆ§ ¬­®¦¥á⢠ ¯¥à¥ç¨á«¥­­ëå ¢ ­¥© ­ §¢ ­¨© ¬ë ¢ë¡¥à¥¬ ⥯¥àì «¨èì âà¨, ¯à¥¤áâ ¢«ïî騥 ᥩç á ¤«ï ­ á ­ ¨¡®«ì訩 ¨­â¥à¥á,   ¨¬¥­­®: 1) “‘œ-Ž„€ ÄÄ ®­  ¦¥ ‚¥«¨ª ï = <<Œ®­£®«ì᪠ï>> ¨¬¯¥à¨ï, â® ¥áâì ÄÄ àãá᪮¥ £®á㤠àá⢮ XIV-XVI ¢¥ª®¢, 2) „Ž, ४ , 3) …‚Ž€. Œë ®ç¨á⨬ ¯®«ã稢èãîáï â ¡«¨æã ®â ááë«®ª ¨ ª®¬¬¥­â à¨¥¢ ¨ á®åà ­¨¬ «¨èì §­ ª¨ à ¢¥­á⢠. ®ïá­¨¬ ¥é¥ à § á¬ëá« §­ ª  <<=>>. ¥ ¢á¥£¤  ¥£® á«¥¤ã¥â ¯®­¨¬ âì ¡ãª¢ «ì­®. Š®­¥ç­®, ¢ ¯®¤ ¢«ïî饬 ¡®«ì設á⢥ á«ãç ¥¢ ®­ 㪠§ë¢ ¥â ­  ⮦¤¥á⢮, ®¡ê¥­­®¥ á।­¥¢¥ª®¢ë¬  ¢â®à®¬ ¨«¨ áࠧ㠢ë⥪ î饥 ¨§ á।­¥¢¥ª®¢ëå ⥪á⮢ ¯ã⥬ áà ¢­¥­¨ï ¨ ᮯ®áâ ¢«¥­¨ï ­¥áª®«ìª¨å ⮦¤¥áâ¢. ® ¢ ­¥ª®â®àëå á«ãç ïå §­ ª <<=>> ­ã¦­® ¯®­¨¬ âì «¨èì ª ª ¥áâ¥á⢥­­ãî £¨¯®â¥§ã, â ª¦¥ ¢¯à®ç¥¬ ¢ë⥪ îéãî ¨§ ᪠­¤¨­ ¢áª¨å åà®­¨ª. ® ¨­®£¤  ­ã¦¤ îéãîáï ¢ ¤®¯®«­¨â¥«ì­®© ¯à®¢¥àª¥. 1. Š€Š €‡›‚€‹ˆ ‘…„…‚…ŠŽ‚“ž “‘œ €‡›… €Ž„› Žâ¢¥â ¤ ¥â ¯®«ã稢è ïáï â ¡«¨æ . ----------------------------------------------------------------- ’€‹ˆ–€ ----------------------------------------------------------------- €‡‹ˆ—›… €‡‚€ˆŸ “‘ˆ ----------------------------------------------------------------- “‘œ ÄÄ ®­  ¦¥ ‚¥«¨ª ï = <<Œ®­£®«ì᪠ï>> ãááª ï ¨¬¯¥à¨ï, áãé¥á⢮¢ ¢è ï ¯® ­ è¥© ­®¢®© åà®­®«®£¨¨ ¢ XIV-XVI ¢¥ª å, ­ §ë¢ « áì ¢ ¤à¥¢­®á⨠᫥¤ãî騬¨ ¨¬¥­ ¬¨ (­¥ª®â®àë¥ ¨§ íâ¨å ¨¬¥­, ¢®§¬®¦­®, ®â­®á¨«¨áì ­¥ ª® ¢á¥© ¨¬¯¥à¨¨,   ª ®â¤¥«ì­ë¬ ¥¥ ç áâï¬): “‘ˆ€ (᪠­¤. RUSIA ) = “–Šˆ€ = “‡–ˆŸ = (᪠­¤. RUZCIA ) = “‘‹€„ = “‡€‹€„ (᪠­¤. RUZALAND ) = ˆ‡€‹€„ (᪠­¤. RISALAND ) = ‘’€€ ‚…‹ˆŠ€Ž‚ = ƒ€„€ˆŠˆ (᪠­¤. GARDARIKI ) = ‘’€€ ƒŽŽ„Ž‚ = ƒ€„€ (᪠­¤. GARDAR ) = ‚…‹ˆŠˆ‰ ƒ€„ = ƒŽŽ„ = ƒ€„, ¤à. á« ¢ï­. = ƒ•€‘, grhas, ¤à. ¨­¤. = „ŽŒ - GRHAS, ¤à. ¨­¤. = ƒ€„€‘ (᪠­¤. GARDAS) , «¨â®¢. = Žƒ€„€ - GARDAS, «¨â®¢. = ƒ€„‘ (᪠­¤. GARDS ), £®â. = „ŽŒ, ‘…ŒœŸ - GARDS, £®â. = ‘€Œ€ˆŸ = ‘€Œ€’ˆŸ, áâà ­  á à¬ â®¢, á¬. £®à®¤ ‘€Œ€€ = Šž‹œ”ˆƒ€‹€„ (᪠­¤. KYLFINGALAND ) = ‘’€€ ŠŽ‹ŽŠŽ‹Ž‚ = €”ˆŠ€ = ”€ŠˆŸ = ’“–ˆŸ = ’€’€ˆŸ = ‹€‹€„ = €“‘’ˆŠˆ = €‡ˆ€’‘ŠŽ-’€’€‘Š€Ÿ-ˆŒ…ˆŸ = €‚‘’ˆŸ = ‘Šˆ”ˆŸ (᪠­¤. SCITHIA ) = ‘ˆ”ˆŸ (᪠­¤. SITHIA ) = –ˆ”ˆŸ ¨«¨ Šˆ”ˆŸ (᪠­¤. CITHIA ) = Šˆ’ˆŸ, â® ¥áâì Šˆ’€‰! = ‘ŠŽ’ˆŸ, ®âá ˜Ž’‹€„ˆŸ = SCOT-LAND, ‘Šˆ”ˆŸ ­ §¢ ­  ¯® ¨¬¥­¨ Œ€ƒŽƒ€ (? ) = ‘‚ˆ’œŽ„ ‚…‹ˆŠ€Ÿ (᪠­¤. SVITJOD HINN MIKLA ) = ‘€Œ€’ˆŸ + €‹€ˆŸ + ƒŽ’ˆŸ, â® ¥áâì ‘ª¨ä¨ï à §¤¥«¥­  ­  í⨠âਠ®¡« á⨠= ‚…‹ˆŠ€Ÿ ‘‚ˆ’œŽ„ = ƒŽ„‹€„ (᪠­¤. GODLAND ) = ‘’€€ ŽƒŽ‚ ¨«¨ Ž†œŸ ‘’€€ = ‘’€€ ƒŽ’Ž‚ = ƒŽ’ˆŸ ( ƒŽ’‘Š€Ÿ ‘’€€ ), ƒŽ’› = Žƒˆ = GOD = ƒ€“’€ = ƒ…’› = •…’’› = ‘’€€ ‚…‹ˆŠ€Ž‚ = …’“•…‰Œ = ‘’€€ …’Ž‚ = ‚…‹ˆŠ€Ÿ ƒŽ’ˆŸ = ‘‹€‚€Ÿ ƒŽ’ˆŸ (᪠­¤. REIDGOTALAND = HREIDGOTAR ). ‚¥«¨ª ï ‘¢¨â쮤 á­ ç «  ¡ë«  § á¥«¥­  ’žŠ€Œˆ, â® ¥áâì â¥á­® á¢ï§ ­  á ’“–ˆ…‰. ‚¥à®ïâ­®, ‚¥«¨ª ï ‘¢¨â쮤 ¢ª«îç «  ¢ á¥¡ï Œ€‹“ž ‘‚ˆ’œŽ„, â® ¥áâì ˜‚…–ˆž = SWEDEN. „ «¥¥, „ॢ­ïï ãáì = ‘…Š‹€„ = ‘…Š‹€„ ‚…‹ˆŠˆ‰, ¨­®£¤  ¯®¬¥é ¥âáï ¢ €äਪ¥ ¨«¨ à冷¬ á €”ˆŠŽ‰ = ”€Šˆ…‰ = Š‚…€‹€„ (᪠­¤. KVENNALAND = QUENLAND = KUNALAND ) = ‘’€€ €Œ€‡ŽŽŠ = ‘’€€ †…™ˆ-ŠŽŽ‹…‚ (᪠­¤. QUEN-LAND ¨«¨ QUEEN-LAND ) = ‘’€€ ‘…Ž‚, â® ¥áâì “‘Ž‚, ®âá €‘‘ˆˆŸ, ¤ «¥¥ ‘Šˆ”ˆŸ = Šˆ’€‰ (! ) = ‘’€€ ‘€€–ˆŽ‚! ÄÄ ¬ãáã«ì¬ ­áª ï áâà ­  = •€‹„…Ÿ (! ) = €‹…‘’ˆ€ (! ) = Œ…‘ŽŽ’€ŒˆŸ (! ) = ˆ„ˆŸ, â® ¥áâì „€‹…Š€Ÿ áâà ­ , ¯à¨ç¥¬ ¤¥«¥­¨¥ ˆ„ˆˆ ­  ’ˆ ˆ„ˆˆ ÄÄ íâ®, ¯®-¢¨¤¨¬®¬ã, ¤¥«¥­¨¥ ãᨠ­  ’ˆ Ž„›. ˆ§ ‘Šˆ”ˆˆ ¡ë«  § á¥«¥­  €”ˆŸ, ¯à¨ç¥¬  à䨥© ª®£¤ -â® ­ §ë¢ «¨, ¢¥à®ïâ­®, “‘‘ˆž = “’…ˆž = ’ = +“‘‘ˆŸ. *{ ‚®§¬®¦­®, ãáì = <<áâà ­  ìïà¬ì>> = <<áâà ­  ¡®ïà>>. ƒ®à®¤ ¥à¬ì ÄÄ á«¥¤ í⮣® áâ à®£® ­ §¢ ­¨ï. }* ãáì = ‘ª¨ä¨ï = €€ˆŸ, áâà ­  ¢ à¢ à®¢, ¯®  ­£«¨©áª¨¬ ¨áâ®ç­¨ª ¬. „®¡ ¢¨¬ á ®¡­ à㦥­­®¥ ­ ¬¨ à ­¥¥ ®â®¦¤¥á⢫¥­¨¥: “‘œ = –€‘’‚Ž …‘‚ˆ’…€ ˆŽ€€,   â ª¦¥ ᨭ®­¨¬ë ãá¨, 㯮âॡ«ï¢è¨¥áï  ­£«¨©áª¨¬¨ á।­¥¢¥ª®¢ë¬¨ ¨áâ®ç­¨ª ¬¨. ‘¬. [5e10] ¨ â ¡«¨æã ‚. ˆ. Œ â㧮¢®©. „…‚…“‘‘ŠŽ… ƒŽ‘“„€‘’‚Ž = Susie --- ‘“‘ˆŸ, Russie --- “˜ˆ…, Ruissie --- “ˆ˜ˆ…, Rusia --- “‘ˆ€, Russia --- €˜€, Ruthenia --- “’…ˆŸ ¨«¨ “”…ˆŸ, Rutenia --- “’…ˆŸ, Ruthia --- “’ˆŸ ¨«¨ “”ˆŸ, Ruthena --- “’…€ ¨«¨ “”…€, Ruscia --- “‘–ˆŸ ¨«¨ “‘ŠˆŸ, Russcia --- €˜–ˆŸ, Russya --- €˜œŸ, Rosie --- Ž‘ˆŸ. Ž¡à â¨¬ ¢­¨¬ ­¨¥ ­  ­ §¢ ­¨¥ “’ˆŸ ÄÄ Ruthia. ¥§ ®£« á®¢®ª ¨¬¥¥¬ ’ ¨«¨ „. â® ¯à®áâ® Ž„€. Ž¤­® ¨§ á ¬ëå §­ ¬¥­¨âëå ­ §¢ ­¨© ‚¥«¨ª®© = <<Œ®­£®«ì᪮©>> ¨¬¯¥à¨¨. ®áª®«ìªã ­ §¢ ­¨¥ “’ˆŸ ¢¥à®ïâ­¥¥ ¢á¥£® ¯à®¨§®è«® ®â á«®¢  Ž„€, â® §­ ç¨â,  ­£«¨ç ­¥ ­ §ë¢ «¨ „ॢ­îî ãáì ᮢ¥à襭­® ¯à ¢¨«ì­® ÄÄ Ž„Ž‰. ® ­ è¥© ४®­áâàãªæ¨¨, íâ® ¡ë«® ¡ë ¢¯®«­¥ ¥áâ¥á⢥­­®. ----------------------------------------------------------------- ’ ª®¥ Žˆ‹ˆ… ‘ˆŽˆŒŽ‚ ®¡êïá­ï¥âáï, ¢¥à®ïâ­®, ⥬ ®£à®¬­ë¬ ¢«¨ï­¨¥¬, ª®â®à®¥ ¯à¨®¡à¥«  ‚¥«¨ª ï = <<Œ®­£®«ì᪠ï>> ¨¬¯¥à¨ï ¢ XIV-XVI ¢¥ª å ¢ …¢à®¯¥ ¨ €§¨¨. Š ¦¤ë© ­ à®¤ ­ §ë¢ « íâã ãááªãî ¨¬¯¥à¨î ¯®-᢮¥¬ã, ¯®í⮬㠤® ­ è¥£® ¢à¥¬¥­¨ ¨ ¤®è«® á⮫쪮 ¥¥ ­ ¨¬¥­®¢ ­¨©. ®«¥§­® §¤¥áì ­ ¯®¬­¨âì, çâ® ¢ ­ è¥© ४®­áâàãªæ¨¨ ‚¥«¨ª ï ¨¬¯¥à¨ï ¢ XIV-XVI ¢¥ª å ­. í. ¡ë«  â¥á­® á¢ï§ ­  á Ž‘Œ€‘ŠŽ‰ ˆŒ…ˆ…‰, â® ¥áâì ÄÄ á Ž’ŽŒ€‘ŠŽ‰ ˆŒ…ˆ…‰ ¨«¨ ¨¬¯¥à¨¥© €’€Œ€Ž‚. Ž¡¥ ¨¬¯¥à¨¨ ¤®«£® ¡ë«¨ á®î§­¨ª ¬¨, ¨ «¨èì á ¯à¨å®¤®¬ ª ¢« á⨠­  ãᨠ¤¨­ á⨨ ®¬ ­®¢ëå, ®â­®è¥­¨ï ¬¥¦¤ã ãáìî ¨ ’ãà樥© ¨á¯®à⨫¨áì ¨ ¯¥à¥è«¨ ¢ ¢®¥­­ãî ª®­äà®­â æ¨î. ‘ ¬® ­ §¢ ­¨¥ Žâ®¬ ­áª®© ˆ¬¯¥à¨¨ ÄÄ íâ®, ¢¥à®ïâ­®, ¯à®áâ® €’€Œ€‘Š€Ÿ ˆŒ…ˆŸ. ’® ¥áâì ®­ , ª ª ¨ தá⢥­­ ï ¥© ‚¥«¨ª ï = <<Œ®­£®«ì᪠ï>> ¨¬¯¥à¨ï, ¡ë«  ˆŒ…ˆ…‰ Š€‡€–Šˆ• €’€Œ€Ž‚. …¥ 䠭⮬­ë¬ ®âà ¦¥­¨¥¬ ¢ ¯à®è«®¥ ï¥âáï §­ ¬¥­¨â ï ¤à¥¢­ïï ˆŒ…ˆŸ €‹…Š‘€„€ Œ€Š…„Ž‘ŠŽƒŽ [5e1], [5e4], [5e5]. Šáâ â¨,   ¯®ç¥¬ã €«¥ªá ­¤à  Œ ª¥¤®­áª®£® ­ §ë¢ «¨ ˆ‘Š€„…ŽŒ „¢ãண¨¬? ‘¬ëá« á«®¢  „¢ãண¨© ᮢ¥à襭­® ïᥭ ÄÄ íâ® §­ ¬¥­¨âë© ¬ãáã«ì¬ ­áª¨© ¯®«ã¬¥áïæ. € ¢®â ˆ‘Š€„…? ¥ ®§­ ç «® «¨ íâ® á«®¢® ¯®¯à®áâã <<祫®¢¥ª ¨§ ‘Š€„ˆˆ>> â® ¥áâì ÄÄ ç¥«®¢¥ª ¨§ ‘Šˆ”ˆˆ! ‘¬. ¢ëè¥ ®â®¦¤¥á⢫¥­¨¥ ‘Š€„ˆˆ á® ‘Šˆ”ˆ…‰. 2. Š€Šˆ… ‘…„…‚…ŠŽ‚›… …Šˆ €‡›‚€‹ˆ ‘‹Ž‚ŽŒ „Ž „Ž, ४  = „“€‰ = „€“ˆ‘ (᪠­¤. DANUBIUS ) = „“ (᪠­¤. DUN ) = „€“ˆ“Œ (᪠­¤. DANUBIUM ) = „ˆ€ (᪠­¤. DYNA ) = ƒˆ‘’… ¨«¨ •ˆ‘’… (᪠­¤. HISTER, HYSTER ) = ˆ‘’ (᪠­¤. ISTR ) = „…‘’ = „Ž = ’€€ˆ‘ = ’€€Š‚ˆ‘‹ = „“€ (᪠­¤. DUNA ) = ‡€€„€Ÿ „‚ˆ€ = „€ = ˆŽ„€ ÄÄ ˆŽ + „€. ’ ª®¥ à §­®®¡à §¨¥ ®â®¦¤¥á⢫¥­¨© ­¥ã¤¨¢¨â¥«ì­® ¨ ®¡êïá­ï¥âáï ®ç¥­ì ¯à®áâ®. Œë 㦥 £®¢®à¨«¨, çâ® „Ž ®§­ ç «® à ­¥¥ ¯à®áâ® <<…Š€>>. Š ª ¬ë ¯®ª § «¨ ¢ [5e5], „®­®¬ ­ §ë¢ «¨ ¨­®£¤  ¨ ᮢ६¥­­ãî Œ®áª¢ã-४ã. 3. ‘›Ž‚œŸ ˆ‹…‰‘ŠŽƒŽ ˆ€”…’€ ‘®£« á­® ᪠­¤¨­ ¢áª¨¬ £¥®£à ä¨ç¥áª¨¬ âà ªâ â ¬, ᥬì áë­®¢¥© ˆ ä¥â  ¢« ¤¥«¨ …¢à®¯®©. ਠí⮬, ᪠­¤¨­ ¢ë ¯®¤à®¡­® à á᪠§ë¢ îâ --- ªâ® ¨§ ­¨å 祬 ¢« ¤¥«. ‚ — á⨠3, ­  ®á­®¢¥ ᪠­¤¨­ ¢áª¨å åà®­¨ª ¬ë ¢ë᪠§ «¨ £¨¯®â¥§ã ® ⮬, çâ® à áᥫ¥­¨¥ áë­®¢ ˆ ä¥â  --- íâ® ¥é¥ ®¤­® ®âà ¦¥­¨¥ ⮣®, ª ª ‚¥«¨ª ï = <<Œ®­£®«ì᪠ï>> ¨¬¯¥à¨ï § ¢®¥¢ «  ‡ ¯ ¤­ãî …¢à®¯ã ¨ ª ª®¥-â® ¢à¥¬ï ¢ ­¥© ¯à ¢¨« . € <<ᥬì áë­®¢¥© ˆ ä¥â >> ÄÄ íâ®, ¢¥à®ïâ­®, á¥¬ì ®á­®¢­ëå ­ à®¤®¢ ¨«¨ á¥¬ì ®á­®¢­ëå ॣ¨®­®¢, ¢å®¤¨¢è¨å ⮣¤  ¢ á®áâ ¢ ‚¥«¨ª®© ¨¬¯¥à¨¨. â®: 1) Œ€ƒŽƒ = <<ŒŽƒŽ‹›>> = ‚…‹ˆŠˆ… = ƒŽ’›, 2) Œ€„€‰ ÄÄ â¥ ¦¥ ¬®­£®«ë, 3) ˆ‚€ ¨«¨ ˆ‚€› ÄÄ ˆ‚€ Š€‹ˆ’€ = •€ €’›‰?, 4) ’“Šˆ ÄÄ ’€’€› = ’ˆ€‘, 5) ’ŽŽ‹ ÄÄ ‘¨¡¨à᪠ï ç áâì <<Œ®­£®«ì᪮©>> ¨¬¯¥à¨¨, 6) ƒŽŒ… ÄÄ ’-“‘‘Š€Ÿ ˆ’€‹ˆŸ, ”«®à¥­æ¨ï, 7) Œ…˜…• = ŒŽ‘ŠŽ‚ˆŸ. 4. ‚‡ƒ‹Ÿ„ € <<ŽŒ€‘Š“ž ’…Žˆž>> Ž‘‹… ˆ‡“—…ˆŸ ‘Š€„ˆ€‚‘Šˆ• Š€’ ‘«¥¤ã¥â ®âà¥è¨âìáï ®â ¬ë᫨, ¡ã¤â® ¤à¥¢­¨¥ «¥â®¯¨á­ë¥ § ¯¨á¨ ¤®¯ã᪠îâ ‘…ƒŽ„Ÿ ®¤­®§­ ç­®¥ ¯®­¨¬ ­¨¥. ‘¥£®¤­ï áç¨â ¥âáï, çâ® áâ àë¥ ­ §¢ ­¨ï ®§­ ç «¨ ¢ á।­¨¥ ¢¥ª  ¢ ®á­®¢­®¬ â® ¦¥ á ¬®¥, çâ® ¨ ᥣ®¤­ï. Žª §ë¢ ¥âáï, ¤®¢®«ì­® ç áâ® íâ® ­¥ â ª. ‚®â, ­ ¯à¨¬¥à, ª¢¨­âíáᥭæ¨ï <<­®à¬ ­áª®© ⥮ਨ>>, á«¥¤ãî騬 ®¡à §®¬ ¨­â¥à¯à¥â¨àãîé ï ᢥ¤¥­¨ï áâ àëå àãááª¨å «¥â®¯¨á¥© (¬ë ã¯à®á⨫¨ ¥¥, ¢ë¤¥«¨¢ áãâì): <<®à¬ ­áª¨© ª­ï§ì, ¢ àï£ îਪ ¯à¨è¥« ¨§ ‘ª ­¤¨­ ¢¨¨ ­  ãáì, ¯à¨§¢ ­­ë© àãá᪨¬¨ «î¤ì¬¨, ¨ áâ « ¯à ¢¨âì ­  ãá¨>>. <<®à¬ ­áª ï ⥮à¨ï>> ¯®§¤­¥©è¨å ¨­â¥à¯à¥â â®à®¢ á®áâ®ï«  ¨¬¥­­® ¢ ⮬, ¡ã¤â® ¢ á।­¨¥ ¢¥ª : 1) ‘ª ­¤¨­ ¢¨¥© ¢á¥£¤  ­ §ë¢ «¨ ⮫쪮 ᮢ६¥­­ãî ‘ª ­¤¨­ ¢¨î. 2) ®à¬ ­ ¬¨ ¨ ¢ à¬¨ ¢á¥£¤  ­ §ë¢ «¨ «î¤¥©, ¢ë襤è¨å á â¥àà¨â®à¨¨ ᮢ६¥­­®© ‘ª ­¤¨­ ¢¨¨. 3) ãáìî ­ §ë¢ «¨ «¨èì áà ¢­¨â¥«ì­® ­¥¡®«ìèãî ®¡« áâì ­  â¥àà¨â®à¨¨ ᮢ६¥­­®© ®áᨨ. ‘â àë¥ «¥â®¯¨á¨ ­¨ª®£® ­¥ ®¡¬ ­ë¢ «¨. 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